Gene editing is a category of molecular biology techniques used to precisely insert, delete, modify, or replace specific DNA sequences within the genome of a living cell or organism. The most widely used gene editing platforms include CRISPR-Cas9, TALENs, and zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), each capable of introducing targeted double-strand breaks that trigger cellular DNA repair mechanisms. In the context of cell and gene therapy, gene editing is used to correct disease-causing mutations, knock out unwanted genes, or engineer therapeutic cell populations such as CAR-T cells, and represents one of the fastest-growing areas in CDMO manufacturing services.
