Fed-batch culture is an upstream bioprocessing strategy in which a bioreactor is initially loaded with a defined culture medium and cells, and additional nutrients, substrates, or feed solutions are added at controlled intervals or continuously throughout the culture to sustain cell growth, viability, and productivity. It is the most widely used cell culture mode in biopharmaceutical manufacturing due to its ability to achieve high cell densities, extended culture durations, and improved product yields compared to batch culture, while maintaining control over critical process parameters (CPPs) and Critical quality attributes (CQAs).
